History
In 1671, In 1671, Robert Boyle rediscovered the reaction between iron filings and dilute acids, which results in the production of hydrogen gas. In 1766, Henry Cavendish was the first to recognize hydrogen gas as a discrete substance, by identifying the gas from a metal-acid reaction as flammable air. In 1781 he was the first person to find that the gas produces water when burned. This was a key experiment in disproving the Aristotelian theory of the four elements. As a consequence of his work he is usually given credit for its discovery as an element. However, it was Antoine Lavoisier who in 1783 named the element hydrogen (from the Greek hydro meaning water and genes meaning creator) after he reproduced Cavendish’s findings.
safety
Hydrogen is a highly flammable gas. This gas attaches to the blood’s hemoglobin and the first symptom is a headache. In pure form and in the absence of oxygen, it causes rapid suffocation. It forms an explosive mixture with air. Hydrogen burns with invisible flames and is therefore very dangerous.
Compatibility
Hydrogen forms an explosive mixture with air and reacts strongly with oxidants. It is incompatible with oxidants, lithium and halogens. Some steels undergo hydrogen embrittlement at high temperatures and pressures.
Source
Hydrogen is most frequently produced for on-site usage by steam reforming of natural gas. Such plants may also be used as sources of hydrogen for the merchant market. Other sources are the chlor-alkali process that electrolyses sodium chloride solution to produce chlorine, and various waste gas recovery plants, such as at oil refineries or steel plants (coke oven gas). Hydrogen is also produced by electrolysis of water.
Applications
High-purity hydrogen finds widespread usage in the electronics industry as a reducing agent and as a carrier gas.
Hydrogen is used for combustion;
→ in industry, it is used to supply oxygen-hydrogen torches for glass working (quartz, Pyrex®, etc), in the fabrication of artificial precious stones (ruby, etc), and High-purity hydrogen is used as a carrier gas in gas chromatography.
for under water oxycutting
→ in the laboratory, it is used in analyzer flames, reducing flame photometry detection instruments, flame ionisation detection instruments, and fuel cells.
Hydrogen finds some usage in the welding and cutting of metals.
Extremely pure hydrogen is used in the chemical industry for fine reduction processes.
Hydrogen is used in large quantities, (bulk supply or on- site generation) for the hydrogenation of vegetable and animal oils to produce margarine and other fats, hydro- treatment of petroleum products, and hydrosulfuration of fuels in order to eliminate sulfur.
Liquefied hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel. In the laboratory liquid hydrogen is employed for solid physics research.
Hydrogen in large quantities is used in petrochemical processes that include hydrodealkylation,
hydrodesulfurisation, hydrotreatment.
In the nuclear industry para-hydrogen is employed to fill bubble chambers.
In electrical power plants hydrogen is used as a coolant gas in turbogenerators.
Hydrogen is used in leak testing applications.
Hydrogen is used in HF/DF chemical lasers .
Hydrogen is used for synthesis of ammonia.
Hydrogen is used extensively in the metals industries because of its ability to reduce metal oxides and prevent oxidation of metals during heat treatment. It may be used either pure, as is often the case when heat treating stainless steel, or in a mixture with inert gases, argon or nitrogen. It is used in the production of carbon steels, special metals and semiconductors.
Hydrogen is used as a reagent to produce high-purity water.
Hydrogen is used as fuel in fuel cell applications.
Hydrogen is used as component in gas mixtures.
Tehran Farafan Gas supplies Hydrogen gas with purities of 99.9999%, 99.999% and 99.9995% according to the needs of customers, in 2 to 50 liter cylinders, etc.